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This ceiling mosaic in Mausoleum M, the Tomb of the Julii, in the Vatican Necropolis underneath St. Peter’s Basilica, has been interpreted as depicting Christ as Sol Invictus (Unconquered Sun), the sun god of the later Roman Empire. Sol Invictus came…

Christ driving the money changers from the temple. Interior of the Temple of Jerusalem with Christ beating a money changer with a whip made out of cords at centre, a man fallen over a table and and a tied lamb in foreground, a boy with a bird cage…

Detail depicting Alexios (r. 1349-90) and his wife, Theodora. The Chrysobull was to the Dionysiou monastery on Mount Athos. The Chrysobull gave the founder of the monastery a sum of 100 somia of silver (about 1000 gold hyperpyra) in order to build…

Introduction
The small brick-and-rubble building located near the southeast corner of the Temple of Artemis is known as Church M. The structure was probably set up in the later 4th century, and was used by local residents as a place of Christian…

Museum Description: “The consummate skill used to create this pendant places it among the most highly accomplished examples of gold jewelry from the early Byzantine period. The elaborate frame around the imperial medallion combines two techniques:…

Part of the series of defensive walls surrounded the city, various stages of the walls’ construction date back to the Roman Empire, with some evidence of the existence of the citadel (in its earliest construction) dating back as far as 2000 BCE. Most…

Corbel bearing the cross of the Knights Hospitaller, Israel Museum Collections.

Corbel bearing the cross of the Knights Hospitaller, Israel Museum Collections.