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                  <text>The Crusader States in Twenty Images</text>
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                  <text>https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396</text>
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                  <text>The built environment in the Eastern Mediterranean under crusader rule consisted of 
New public and private buildings 
Covered and open markets
Hospices, hospitals, bathhouses, pools, aqueducts, sewers and cemeteries. 
Urban industries and crafts such as mints, goldsmiths, silversmiths, bakeries, tanners, sugar refineries and soap making.
Castles as fortified administrative centers and places of refuge for the local population during troubled times</text>
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                  <text>https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396</text>
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Metal pieces found next to his skeleton likely were part of a staff, a common accessory for pilgrims and the first example found in the region.","width":710,"height":784},{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/canvas/3515.1","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Belvoir Castle, Israel","images":[{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/annotation/3515.1","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2317%2Fc99889db996c3f7b17d96132df43d4e7.jpg/full/1024,/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","service":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2317%2Fc99889db996c3f7b17d96132df43d4e7.jpg","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json"},"format":"image/jpeg","width":2900,"height":1867},"on":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/canvas/3515.1"}],"description":"The Crusader castle of Belvoir is located on a hill of the Naphtali plateau, about 500 meters above the Jordan Valley and a few miles south of Lake Tiberias (the Sea of Galilee). 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The castle controlled the eastern entryway from Gilead into Kingdom of Jerusalem and the roads in the valley leading to Galilee.\nIn 1189, the castle was surrendered to Saladin.","width":2900,"height":1867},{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/canvas/3514.2","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Kerak_BW_1.jpg","images":[{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/annotation/3514.2","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2359%2Fd3de08b68343ab317089064aac12564b.jpg/full/1024,/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","service":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2359%2Fd3de08b68343ab317089064aac12564b.jpg","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json"},"format":"image/jpeg","width":3872,"height":2592},"on":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/canvas/3514.2"}],"description":"Upon its foundation in 1142, the Kerak or Karak of Moab Castle became the stronghold of the Latin Lordship of Transjordan, which was part of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. 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The donor of the icon appears kneeling and kissing the right red boot of the saint in a gesture of reverence. \nIcon, 13th century\nSt Catherine Monastery, Mount Sinai, Icon Collection","width":1416,"height":2000},{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/canvas/3511.5","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Saints Sergius and Bacchus on horseback","images":[{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/annotation/3511.5","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2357%2F30b73664c6b70b364e0fa17bf048ac3d.jpg/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","service":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2357%2F30b73664c6b70b364e0fa17bf048ac3d.jpg","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json"},"format":"image/jpeg","width":678,"height":1024},"on":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/canvas/3511.5"}],"description":"Saints Sergius and Bacchus on horseback.\nIcon, 13th century\nSt Catherine Monastery, Mount Sinai, Egypt, Icon Collection\nWho were Saints Sergius and Bacchus?","width":678,"height":1024},{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/canvas/3510.6","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"The Siege of Acre, 1799","images":[{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/annotation/3510.6","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2356%2Fdcabb1b402caefe8c326d10007b75911.jpg/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","service":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2356%2Fdcabb1b402caefe8c326d10007b75911.jpg","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json"},"format":"image/jpeg","width":698,"height":698},"on":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/canvas/3510.6"}],"description":"The Siege of Acre by Napoleon's army in May 1799. Scene from Napoleon's failed attempt to take the city of Acre from the Ottomans and British during his campaign in the Holy Land in 1799. \n\nFrom J. Jenkins, The Martial Achievements of Great Britain and Her Allies; from 1799 to 1815 (London: L. Harrison &amp; J.C. 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Illumination from the Chroniques de France or de Saint Denis (from 1108 to 1270)\n Soldiers in armor surround a walled town with one climbing up the walls on a ladder, and defending soldiers on the battlements. Military encampment in the background.","width":1067,"height":1500},{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/canvas/3508.8","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Old City of Acre, UNESCO World Heritage Site","images":[{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/annotation/3508.8","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2354%2F0a007415003a38d007fc921235894a1d.jpg/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","service":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2354%2F0a007415003a38d007fc921235894a1d.jpg","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json"},"format":"image/jpeg","width":845,"height":335},"on":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/396/canvas/3508.8"}],"description":"The Old City of Acre, UNESCO World Heritage Site. 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The first structure was modest and part of the estate of a certain Velos, a Frankish nobleman who lived in nearby Tiberias. Velos sold it to the Knights Hospitaller in 1168. It took five years and hundreds of workers to build Belvoir. The castle controlled the eastern entryway from Gilead into Kingdom of Jerusalem and the roads in the valley leading to Galilee.
In 1189, the castle was surrendered to Saladin.</text>
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                  <text>The Crusader States in Twenty Images</text>
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                  <text>The built environment in the Eastern Mediterranean under crusader rule consisted of 
New public and private buildings 
Covered and open markets
Hospices, hospitals, bathhouses, pools, aqueducts, sewers and cemeteries. 
Urban industries and crafts such as mints, goldsmiths, silversmiths, bakeries, tanners, sugar refineries and soap making.
Castles as fortified administrative centers and places of refuge for the local population during troubled times</text>
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The inscription on the obverse reads: BALDVINVS REX. X and on the reverse: +dE IERVSALEM.","metadata":[{"label":"Date","value":"1143-63"},{"label":"Type","value":"Denier"},{"label":"Material","value":"Billon"},{"label":"Location","value":"Museum of the Order of St John"}],"width":1600,"height":1136},{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3470.2","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"The capture of Jerusalem by Saladin on October 2, 1187","images":[{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/annotation/3470.2","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2318%2Fcf0cf8fc7846c88091fe9f06b9268cb5.jpg/full/1024,/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","service":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2318%2Fcf0cf8fc7846c88091fe9f06b9268cb5.jpg","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json"},"format":"image/jpeg","width":2170,"height":1357},"on":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3470.2"}],"description":"The capture of Jerusalem by Saladin on October 2, 1187. You might recognize this image from the course canvas site! Balian of Ibelin (right) offers Saladin (left, on horseback) the keys to the city. This image is from fol. 144r in volume 2. To view the complete manuscript, see here for volume 1: https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55006914c/f725.planchecontact and here for volume 2: https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b550069168/f328.planchecontact","metadata":[{"label":"Date","value":"15th century"},{"label":"Type","value":"Manuscript"},{"label":"Author","value":"David Aubert"},{"label":"Title","value":"Chronicle of David Aubert"},{"label":"Location","value":"Biblioth\u00e8que d' Arsenal, Paris"},{"label":"Label","value":"Biblioth\u00e8que de l'Arsenal, Ms-5089-5090"}],"width":2170,"height":1357},{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3469.3","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Remains of Belvoir Fortress","images":[{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/annotation/3469.3","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2317%2Fc99889db996c3f7b17d96132df43d4e7.jpg/full/1024,/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","service":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2317%2Fc99889db996c3f7b17d96132df43d4e7.jpg","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json"},"format":"image/jpeg","width":2900,"height":1867},"on":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3469.3"}],"description":"Belvoir fortress is a crusader fortress in modern day Israel. It was constructed by the Knights Hospitaller in the 12th century, and was near to the site of the Battle of Belvoir Castle fought between Baldwin IV and Saladin in 1182","metadata":[{"label":"Date","value":"1168"},{"label":"Type","value":"Fortress"},{"label":"Patrons","value":"Knights Hospitaller"},{"label":"Location","value":"Israel"}],"width":2900,"height":1867},{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3468.4","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Billon Denier of Amaury I","images":[{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/annotation/3468.4","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2316%2F25198eca22cb5a3c82c566a3937ed827.jpg/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","service":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2316%2F25198eca22cb5a3c82c566a3937ed827.jpg","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json"},"format":"image/jpeg","width":1000,"height":496},"on":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3468.4"}],"description":"One side of this coin shows a depiction of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem and the other a cross. 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The inscription on the obverse reads: +KE BO TANKPI+, and on the reverse: IC \u2013 XC \u2013 NI \u2013 KA","metadata":[{"label":"Date","value":"1101-1112"},{"label":"Type","value":"Antiochene Copper Type 4 (Tancred 2nd Type)"},{"label":"Material","value":"Copper"},{"label":"Location","value":"Museum of the Order of St John"}],"width":1730,"height":1137},{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3466.6","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"So-Called Crusader's Bowl","images":[{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/annotation/3466.6","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2314%2Faff4eb6a6d9eec80e01110da61116d99.jpg/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","service":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2314%2Faff4eb6a6d9eec80e01110da61116d99.jpg","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json"},"format":"image/jpeg","width":1024,"height":681},"on":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3466.6"}],"description":"So-called Crusader's Bowl","metadata":[{"label":"Date","value":"11th century"},{"label":"Type","value":"Bowl"},{"label":"Material","value":"Metal"},{"label":"Place of Creation","value":"Egypt"},{"label":"Location","value":"Harvard Art Museums"},{"label":"Dimensions","value":"15.75 cm"}],"width":1024,"height":681},{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3465.7","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Crusader Imitation of a Dinar of al-Amir","images":[{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/annotation/3465.7","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2313%2Fbd5144e8791beb3c9146a274ce697da3.jpg/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","service":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2313%2Fbd5144e8791beb3c9146a274ce697da3.jpg","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json"},"format":"image/jpeg","width":1024,"height":478},"on":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3465.7"}],"description":"Crusader Imitation of a Dinar of al-Amir","width":1024,"height":478},{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3464.8","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"The Combat between Tancred and Clorinda","images":[{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/annotation/3464.8","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2312%2Fb52e6f14649f3bf301a2eaac014f14a7.jpg/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","service":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2312%2Fb52e6f14649f3bf301a2eaac014f14a7.jpg","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json"},"format":"image/jpeg","width":1024,"height":733},"on":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3464.8"}],"description":"This 17th century drawing illustrates a scene from Torquato Tasso's epic poem, \"La Gerusalemme liberata\" (The Liberation of Jerusalem or Jerusalem Delivered). The subject of this poem was the First Crusade. It served as a subject for numerous artists across multiple media throughout the subsequent centuries.","metadata":[{"label":"Date","value":"17th century"},{"label":"Type","value":"Drawing"},{"label":"Title","value":"The Combat between Tancred and Clorinda"},{"label":"Artist","value":"Laurent de La Hyre"},{"label":"Place of Creation","value":"France"},{"label":"Location","value":"Harvard Art Museums"}],"width":1024,"height":733},{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3463.9","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"The Alexiad of Anna Komnene","images":[{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/annotation/3463.9","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2311%2Fb8c2a2c71654b2416f0552e780728a6e.png/full/1024,/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","service":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2311%2Fb8c2a2c71654b2416f0552e780728a6e.png","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json"},"format":"image/png","width":1548,"height":1791},"on":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3463.9"}],"description":"The Alexiad was written c. 1148 by Byzantine Princess Anna Komnene. It is a historical text detailing the political and military life of her father, Alexios I, including his interactions with the crusades. This image is of fol. 1r, but the entire manuscript can be seen here: http://mss.bmlonline.it/s.aspx?Id=AWOItwHyI1A4r7GxMMRx&amp;c=Alexias%20historia%20filii%20Alexii%20rom.%20imp#/book","metadata":[{"label":"Date","value":"c. 12th century"},{"label":"Type","value":"Manuscript"},{"label":"Author","value":"Anna Komnene"},{"label":"Title","value":"The Alexiad"},{"label":"Location","value":"Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana"},{"label":"Language","value":"Greek"}],"width":1548,"height":1791},{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3458.10","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"The Nine Worthies at K\u00f6lner Rathaus","images":[{"@id":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/annotation/3458.10","@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2306%2F8fdea0e0dfbb1e72b336d018d0cfa27a.jpg/full/1024,/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","service":{"@id":"https://loris.tlt.harvard.edu/loris/atg-media-management-api-prod%2Fprod%2Fimages%2F2306%2F8fdea0e0dfbb1e72b336d018d0cfa27a.jpg","@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level1.json"},"format":"image/jpeg","width":1500,"height":649},"on":"https://media-management-api.tlt.harvard.edu/api/iiif/manifest/378/canvas/3458.10"}],"description":"These carved wooden figures at the city hall in Cologne, Germany represent the \"nine worthies\" a group of nine historical, biblical, and literary figures who personified ideas of chivalry in the Middle Ages. These nine figures were divided into three groups of three: Christians (King Arthur, Charlemagne, and Godfrey of Bouillon), Pagans (Hector, Alexander the Great, and Julius Caesar), and Jewish (Joshua, David, and Judas Maccabeus). 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                  <text>The archaeology of destruction and the Kingdom of Jerusalem in 20 objects</text>
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                  <text>The archaeology of destruction and the Kingdom of Jerusalem in 20 objects</text>
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